Read more Employment in coal mining industry in the United Kingdom (UK) 1920-2021 . Some occupations covered include telephone operators, waitresses, hotel maids, chambermaids, elevator girls, laundry workers, retail clerks, and factory workers in the wood working industry. It was a dreadful experience Booker T. Washington never forgot. Workers, Kohinoor mine, Shenandoah, Pennsylvania, 1884, Managers, Kohinoor mine, Shenandoah, Pennsylvania, 1884. Survey covered only white families over a certain. Created by Grove Atlantic and Electric Literature, Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Click to share on Google+ (Opens in new window), Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window), Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window), Click to share on Tumblr (Opens in new window), Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window), Click to share on Pocket (Opens in new window), A Novel of Putin's Russia That Got Its Writer Beaten Up, What Should You Read Next? The coal industry required more labor than southern West Virginia could supply. Manufacturing wages -- SEE box further below. Shows wages and prices in kronen, along with the exchange rate to translate into U.S. dollars. by SEX Acquiring a sense of humor helped mask a workers dread of the mine, but joking was no substitute for learning how to be careful. continue to render these kinds of occupations obsolete. Source: BLS Bulletins. Source: Howard University, States "the average student probably spends about $700 per year for a college education" and shows, This source shows the cost of funerals and burial in 18 states and in 10 major cities. The strongest, most efficient men earned the most money at the end of the day. Government Documents Department, Ellis Library Source: BLS Monthly Labor Review, Dec 1920 But on some weeks, a miner might work only two or three days because the railroad failed to supply enough coal cars, or because the mine needed repairs. One statute required operators to print maps of their mines, but it excluded any provisions for enforcing this requirement. Wage rates by occupation in foreign countries (sometimes just to a certain city in the foreign country), assembled for easy comparison to U.S. wage rates for the same occupations. Includes breakouts for adults and. Source: Includes district-specific information and the average output of coal per person per shift. Managers liked immigrants because they worked for low wages. 59-71. Source: BLS Bulletin no. Retail prices for brick, cement, lumber of various kinds, window glass, shingles, nails and more. Coal companies also recruited in Europe. Starts on p. 44. Milk cost an average 33 per half gallon in 1920. Wages are shown in Latvian rubles. College professor salaries, 1928 (Source: AAUP report). The regions first coal miners primarily were African Americans, both enslaved and free. Arranged by occupation and then by city and year. Wages are shown in pounds, shillings, and pence. Part of a section on Negro women's wages. Source: BLS, Shows clothes prices paid by working class families in Great Britain. For hours on end, a trapper boys ears would take in the strange sounds made by creaking timbers, rattling coal cars, clopping mules, and thudding blasts of explosions deep in the mine, while his eyes would behold surreal sights, like the white bones of ancient fish skeletons and the remains of tropical plants when they were illuminated by the miners lamps. Chart indicates hourly earnings ranges for piecework at automobile manufacturing companies in Germany. The legislature rejected all proposals for reform, however. Typical compensation for directors, camera men, editors and more in, Shows typical earnings for reporters, feature writers, sports editors and others, in. A Latvian immigrant and devout member of the Russian Orthodox Church of the Old Believers, Michael Simon wore this cross as he labored in Pennsylvania coal mines. HOUSING, FARMS and UTILITIES See table 164 for average annual wage. Hourly Rate. Between 12th and 14th Streets Mule drivers and trapper boys like Frank Keeney set out at six oclock every morning with the adult miners, who each carried a pick and auger, a can of black blasting powder, fuses, and a tamping rod. Coal loaders at the face depended on mule drivers and motor men to honor the old tradition of a square turna custom through which colliers sought to control output and equalize earning opportunities by ensuring that each miner would receive the same number of cars during a workday, in the words of a mine industry historian. Wages are listed in Mexican currency with exchange rate for calculating amounts in U.S. dollars. Every day his lifes in danger, Source: Bulletin #269 of the North Carolina Agricultural Experiment Station, "Farm Family Living Among White Owner and Tenant Operators in Wake County," pages 24-28. Source: U.S. Bureau of Education. After the Civil War, industrialization meant a nearly limitless demand for anthracite and bituminous coal, and hundreds of thousands of new jobs spurred a population boom in the region, which stretches from western New York state to Alabama. 407. 525. Mine foremen attempted various forms of industrial discipline to maximize productivity, but in the early 1900s, coal miners experienced little of the supervision foremen and factory managers imposed on workers; in fact, veteran colliers often became surly when a mine foreman came by their place on his little scooter to check on them. Shows average public employee pay for each state. Watch the rocks, theyre falling daily, Every three or four hundred feet, passageways were cut, creating narrower, corridor-like rooms that led to a coal face where each miner and his buddy worked in their own room. The colliers left large pillars of coal standing as they cut the face forward and sideways through breakthroughs that led to parallel rooms. Source: BLS Monthly labor review, Apr 1926, Shows the average retail prices of various foodstuffs throughout Switzerland. Covers more than 1,200 cities. "In this region, I presume that a fee of $200 would be a pretty fair estimate of the surgeon's charge for operation and the after-treatment there would be between the operation and the death of the patient." Jump directly to prices for: meats and eggs, butter, cheese, milk, bread and flour, corn meal, rice, potatoes, granulated sugar, coffee and tea, onions, navy beans, prunes, raisins, canned salmon, evaporated milk, margarine, lard, oats, corn flakes, wheat cereal, macaroni, canned baked beans, canned corn, canned peas, canned tomatoes, bananas, oranges, and more. Time became important to managers as they changed their labor model. Wages are based on the average weekly full-time positions from large cities. The survey covered 114 different cotton mills in 12 different state, and generally divides tables by occupation, sex, and year or occupation, sex, and state. Shows average wages by industry in both rubles and US currency. A miners compulsion to load as much coal as possible was tempered by experience, however. Source: BLS, Shows the retail price of various foodstuffs and other items in Prague following Czechoslovakian independence. The average hourly pay for a Coal Mine Worker is $21.49. Even the most skilled miners could not detect the presence of kettle bottoms, the petrified remains of huge ancient tree trunks that could plunge through the roofs and crush workers. As the men removed one pillar after another, the wooden posts used to support the mine top would be strained as the roof started getting heavy. The wood would then creak and groan and then splinter as the miners heard the roof working above their heads and planned their retreat accordingly. Careless miners always fail. 1920, Home plans and costs to build in California, 1920, Retail prices of building materials by city, 1922, Building material prices paid by farmers, 1923-1924, Cost to construct houses, by type of material - 1921, Building material prices paid by farmers, 1910-1960, Farm real estate - Average value by state and county, 1920, Price of farm land by county in selected states, 1912-1924, New England farms and land - Average value by county, 1920-1930, Farm real estate values in Midwestern states, 1912-2019, Land in Missouri - Cost to rent or buy by county, 1922, Rents in working class neighborhoods in Cincinnati, 1920, Household heating fuel costs and expenditures by city, 1927, Electricity - Average monthly bill, 1924-1950, Household electricity costs and expenditures by city, 1927, Changes in retail prices of electricity, 1923-38, Car prices with illustrations, 1900-1920s, Gasoline prices andtaxes, and annual consumption per vehicle, 1920-1939, Horse-drawn carriages, buggies and accessories, 1920, Horse and mule prices by state, 1919-1920, City transit fares in NY, PA, OH and MA - 1927, Streetcar, omnibus and subway rates, 1926, Passenger train fare in the U.S., 1871-1933, RR ticket prices between NYC and Chicago, 1910-1944, accessories (diapers, baby bottles, etc. About half of the surveyed penal institutions gave prisoners some compensation, based on its use as incentive toward good work and better behavior, and to provide the convict with a small way to provide for his family. Compares average retail prices for drug-store items at independent stores and chain stores in Cincinnati and Washington DC. $30.30. Heed no operators tale! Source:Federal Reserve Bank of Saint Louis. Wages are expressed in both foreign currency and dollars. Wages shown in contemporary US dollars. Table shows average 1929 and 1931 weekly wages of full-time store employees, managers, and supervisors by kind and size of chain and location. Shows compensation for individualjudgeson the U.S. Supreme Court, circuit courts and district courts. Scroll forward and back to see the various cities for which average food prices are available. Source: You may download a pdf version of the 1928, Hotel rates are shown in the advertisements in. MERCHANDISE Tools and hardware: Managers worried about competition, costs, and controlling workers who spoke multiple languages and labored out of view. Source: Very simple table shows average hours and earnings for all production workers in manufacturing for each year from 1919-1960. During the first three decades of the 20th century, African Americans comprised about 25 percent of all southern West Virginia miners. Shows the daily wages for 11 different occupations in Parahyba, Brazil. See data considerations for explanation. Bulletin of the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics, No. Wages are shown in French francs. Source: Click "more" for direct links to each occupation. Source: BLS, Shows the average daily wage in both yen and US dollars. Shows the average daily wages of various occupations in Athens and Piraeus. Then, with their lamps casting a dim yellow light on the dark hillside, the men and boys disappeared one by one into the hole, like ants entering a colony. Coal industry labor strikes were common from the turn of the century up through the 1930s, as were catastrophic workplace injuries and the prevalence of black lung disease. Includes wage data for Chicago as well. Source: BLS. Managers concentrated on business decisions, such as arranging transportation and selling their product. Table 25 shows additional breakouts for skilled and white collar workers by region (. Immigrants in southern West Virginia comprised some 25 nationalities, including Italians, Hungarians, Poles, Austrians and Russians. Source: BLS, Shows the retail prices of various foodstuffs in 10 large German cities. Source: Cost of living and family expenditures in Kentucky, Tennessee and Texas. Wages are shown in French francs. Figures expressed in both foreign currency and in dollars. Dining room: But the chorus of foreign languages confirmed managements fears that companies were slipping out of control. Prices are shown in Mexican pesos. Includes clam, lobster, oyster industries and more. along with the country of origin, value in that country, transportation charges, duty charges and retail price in the U.S. Includes a photo of most items. Includes breakouts for those who lived with the family and those who did not. Few words meant more to mine workers than manliness, a quality that connoted dignity, respectability, defiant egalitarianism, and patriarchal male supremacy, in the words of historian David Montgomery. Purchasing power is represented in its equivalence in horses, wheat, the yearly wages of a skilled tradesperson, and others.
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